God, Religion and Plato - 1293 Words

Plato brings up a lot of points in his discussions about the philosophy of God and of religion. Many of these points seem to foreshadow what the Christian faith teaches, ideas such as the highest forms, the cultivating a life for the afterlife, and the immortality of the soul, and the idea of just and unjust med and their rewards. Though some of these ideas need to be changed a bit to fit in with each other, the main idea behind their thoughts seem to be parallel. In the following paragraphs I will expand more on how the relationship between Plato’s philosophy of God and religion can be seen in the Christian faith. The first main point of Plato’s philosophy that foreshadows Christianity is the idea of the forms. Plato holds the idea that there are forms, which are the perfection of certain aspects, such as beauty, truth, goodness, etc. Plato says that these forms are the highest things, they are the really real, and that things on earth only participate in the forms. He also describes the forms as separate, simple, and eternal. These forms do not mix, like beauty and goodness are completely separate forms. They are simple in that they can’t be broken down; they just are beauty or goodness. Finally they are eternal meaning that the forms don’t die out like the things on earth, they have no physical body and therefor cannot die. Plato says that things on earth can participate in the forms in the sense that they reflect that form. If we take a flower for example, PlatoShow MoreRelatedPlato And Plato s The Apology1623 Words   |  7 Pagesdetermining how the world worked and its origins/cosmology, as oppose to philosophers such as Plato And Socrates who focused more on ethics or morality. Plato’s conception of God and religion can be depicted in his literatures â€Å"Euthyphro† and â€Å"The Apology† which he expresses through his writings of Socrates in dialogue formation. While one may assume that both Plato and Socrates shared analogous notions of God and religion it is impossible to truly know given the Socratic problem. The problem lies in thatRead MoreWhat did it mean for a man in Ancient Greece to lead a good life, according to Platos’s four dialogs in the Trial and Death of Socrates?1010 Words   |  5 PagesAncient Greece, leading a good life is rather more complex than it is in today’s society. It is evidenced in Plato’s four dialogs in The Trial and Death of Socrates. Through the dialogues of Socrates we can learn that in Ancient Greece education, religion, society in general, law and values played a major role on a person’s way of living a good life. In the dialogues of The Trial and Death of Socrates, society condemned those such as Socrates for changing or questioning their way of life. A personRead MoreThe Influence of Platos Theories on Chrisianity1169 Words   |  5 Pagesworship of these deities was the mainstream of religion during the Helleni stic period until the rise of the great philosophers. Amongst these philosophers, Plato emerged as one of the founding fathers of Western philosophy. Living from roughly 428 BCE until 348 BCE, Plato’s theories predated Christianity by at least four centuries. Because of this, it can be assumed that early Christian worshippers used Plato’s teachings as a basis for their religion. It is evident that there is a surprising amountRead MoreAnalysis Of Plato s The Euthyphro 1723 Words   |  7 Pagesof the greatest reflective thinkers of all time, Plato was the innovator of many written philosophical dialogues. Accompanied by his teacher, Socrates and his most notorious disciple, Aristotle, Plato set the groundworks of Western philosophy and science amid dialogues such as Apology, Euthyphro, Republic and Laws. These dialogues provided some of the earliest handlings of political inquiries from a philosophical viewpoint. In the Euthyphro, Plato composes a dialogue that transpires in 399 BC, weeksRead MoreThe Incompleteness of Pl atos Euthyphro Essay848 Words   |  4 Pagespiety is induced by the non-existence of the Gods, which they declare Socrates implied through out his life. Hence arises the purpose of this interpretation: to demonstrate, by shifting emphasis to the development of the dialogue, that its failure to define piety originates from the mistaken presupposition that doctrines -- systematic explications of religious beliefs -- existed within the ritual religions of the ancient Greeks. Since these religions did not contain doctrines, the presuppositionRead MoreEuthyphro Dialogue Essay examples1485 Words   |  6 PagesIn the dialogue Euthyphro (Cahn and Markie), Plato presents an argument against the divine command meta-ethical theory. While the argument is presented against the predominantly pantheistic Greek religions, the argument can be easily applied to the monotheistic Abrahamic religions. The dialogue starts off with the two main characters: Euthyphro and Socrates. Socrates has been indicted for corrupting the youth of Athens and Euthyphro is indicting his father for murdering a day-labourer who killedRead MorePlato s Redefinition Of Piety Essay1543 Words   |  7 Pagesremove assumptions and preconceived ideas of what religion and piety are about. James Schall, in his essay â€Å"What is Piety?† makes useful note of this sometimes overlooked, but obvious fact: Plato does not have revelation; that is, he does not have available an explanation of the inner life of the Godhead that is itself Trinity. Nor does he have a doctrine of Incarnation, wherein God is also revealed as a specific human being, God and man, one God, but two natures. Nor does he have such a thing asRead MoreSocrates, Plato, and Aristotle884 Words   |  4 PagesFarina Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, three men considered to be the quintessential basis of ancient Greek philosophy. Not only were they responsible for Greek enlightenment, but also foreshadowed the coming of Christ in there speculations. Plato, the protà ©gà © of Socrates, became the first to document the philosophy of his teacher, which in turn is passed down to Aristotle. This process of mentoring aided ancient man in the intellectual evolution of politics and religion, known as the linearRead MoreChristianity, Buddhism, And Confucianism872 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are many different thoughts and explanations about how to live, there is some common ground between them. Throughout the year 600 B.C.E. to the year 600 C.E. the ideas of religion such as Christianity, Buddhism, and Confucianism and philosophy like those of Plato, Laozi, and Socrates. From 600 B.C.E. to 600 B.C. religions began to impact the traditions and attitudes in Europe and Asia resulting in multiple differe nt, but yet similar approaches to the same goal of living morally and truthfullyRead MoreThe Dilemma Of The Euthyphro Dilemma952 Words   |  4 Pagesreaders many good points to understand relativism about morality and connect with religion. Also, this is these dialogues between Euthyphro and Socrates, and it find out in the Plato’s dialogue. In the Euthyphro, Socrates asks whether a thing is pious (or good or right) because it is loved by the Gods (or, in its secular form, ‘loved by someone’), or is a thing loved by the Gods (or someone) because it is pious (or good) (Plato, 1981, 10a); it can be considered one of the questions and the most luminous

Analysis Of The Book Twenty Theses On Politics

What I hope to do in this paper is to show that many of the philosophies Enrique Dussel writes about in his book Twenty Theses on Politics, have a direct correlation to what has become to be known as Argentina’s ‘Dirty War,’ with a particular interest on the struggle of the people, the ignorance towards them and the idea that they did not exist to their capturers’ except as ‘things at the disposal of the powerful.’ (TTP pg. 79). Their reaction to this type of oppression, after years of detention, torture and death, touches upon Dussel’s idea of the irruption of the collective conscious of a community that breaks the hold of the oppressor and ignites into a collective dissent. First, I will give a brief history of the Dirty War, as I feel it is necessary to understand the landscape at this time and what influenced this collective conscious, followed by a discussion and outline of Dussel’s direct experience and observations surrounding Latin America during this incredibly tumultuous period of time. The essay concludes with a summary of how these principles were utilized in Argentina during and after the Dirty War and how education and open dialogue has influenced the character and the direction of those communities effected, today. Between 1973 and 1984, almost 30,000 Argentines were murdered or ‘disappeared.’ The result of a military coup d’à ©tat during which security forces and death squads acting in the form of the Argentine Anticommunist Alliance, or ‘Triple A;’ huntedShow MoreRelatedSeeing Through The Eyes Of The Polish Revolution : Solidarity And The Struggle Against Communism904 Words   |  4 PagesSeeing Through the Eyes of the Polish Revolution: Solidarity and the Struggle against Communism in Poland, social scientist Jack M Bloom’s 2013 book, argues that the formation and history of Solidarność provides useful information on social processes in historical events and how those influence historical understanding. Like Ost, Bloom comes at his subject with an interest in social movements, but relies primarily on interviews to examine the social side of Solidarność’s formation. These subjectsRead MoreWhat The Title Of Hobsbawm s Book Can Indicate At A First Glance947 Words   |  4 Pages Despite what the title of Hobsbawm’s book can indicate at a first glance, his work is neither a step-by-step textbook of factual information about how history should be written nor a series of directly given guidelines that historians should follow. Instead it is a book composed of twenty-one essays that represent his own work transformed from their previous form as lectures, contributions to conferences or articles and reviews in different journals. As Hobsbawm himself explains, his reflectionsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Dollarocracy 1306 Words   |  6 PagesAfter reading Nichols and McChesney’s book, Dollarocracy, I am able to analyze their work and comment about the ideas expressed within the text. I found this book informative but also very boring to read. The book is very informative because they encompass the ideas surrounding the media, the rich, journalism, and politics to a high extent. For example, the writers spent the entire third chapter, 30 pages, re viewing the history of three Supreme Court justices as they ruled on crucial case revolvingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Future Of Reputation 1176 Words   |  5 Pagesgrowth and influence of society for over twenty years now. Three authors, Neil Postman, Daniel Solove, and Walter Lippmann have explored how various media and symbols have shaped society through history to today. Postman, in Amusing Ourselves to Death, Public Discourse in Age of Show Business saw the dangers in the medium of television turning the serious subjects of religion, the news, and particularly politics into forms of entertainment. In his book, future of reputation, David Solove arguesRead More What was Montesquieu?s aim in writing The Spirit of the Laws?748 Words   |  3 Pages ‘I ask a favour that I fear will not be granted; it is that one not judge by a moment’s reading the work of twenty years, that one approve or condemn the book as a whole and not some few sentences. If one wants to seek the design of the author, one can find it only in the design of the work.’ (Montesquieu 1989: preface) The Spirit of the Laws took Montesquieu twenty years to write and was first published in Geneva in 1748. It was distributed freely, without the hindrance of censorship and deemedRead MoreWhat Was Montesquieus Aim in Writing the Spirit of the Laws?776 Words   |  4 Pages‘I ask a favour that I fear will not be granted; it is that one not judge by a moment s reading the work of twenty years, that one approve or condemn the book as a whole and not some few sentences. If one wants to seek the design of the author, one can find it only in the design of the work. (Montesquieu 1989: preface) The Spirit of the Laws took Montesquieu twenty years to write and was first published in Geneva in 1748. It was distributed freely, without the hindrance of censorship and deemedRead MoreDevil Highway Essay799 Words   |  4 PagesThe Devil’s Highway By Luis Alberto Urrea The Devil’s Highway by Luis Alberto Urrea traces the journeys of twenty-six men traveling across the border through one of the most treacherous deserts known to man â€Å"The Devil’s Highway.† The author’s purpose was to let the world be aware of the events going on all around, with the simple modes of persuasion (pathos, ethos, and logos) Urrea makes you consider what worlds, political and economic, have we created that push humans into impossible journeysRead MoreArc Of Justice : A Saga Of Race, Civil Rights, And Murder1160 Words   |  5 PagesAnna Raisch Professor Hagood Michigan History 10 November 2015 Arc of Justice Analysis Bibliography: Boyle, Kevin. Arc of Justice: A Saga of Race, Civil Rights, and Murder in the Jazz Age. Henry Holt and Company, 2004. I. Thesis: a) I believe that the author’s motivation for writing the book was to shine a light on an important historical event. Arc of Justice was the first book written to document the story of the Sweet family. Not only does the story explain the trial of Ossian and Gladys SweetRead MoreThe Global Challenges of Comparative Politics1393 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Global Challenges of Comparative Politics Introduction to Comparative Politics-Studies how different countries both shape and are shaped by the world. 1989,2001, and 2008 define the current era of world politics-describes a particular important moment; critical juncture. A frequently cited date is 1989, when the Berlin wall was dismantled. 1989 ushered in three important changes. Marked the end of a bipolar world-marked the emergence of a unipolar world. Marked the triumphRead MoreComparative Politics Essay1392 Words   |  6 Pagesnecessary tool in the belt of any political scientist. 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HRM In a Global Economy

Question: Discuss about the Global Economy ? Answer: Introducation In this essay human resources management concepts for the company No Name has been discussed in detail, which gives a detailed knowledge about the company, and all the concepts of HR that plays an important role in any organization. The human resource concepts help the company to deal better with the employees who are working in the organization and provides a great benefit to the company (Babaei and Ahmad, 2012). The HR concepts that are used in this essay are about the diversity management, culture of the organization, training and development programs that this company provides and the international performance management that this company does. All these concepts play a very crucial role in the success and the growth of the organization. Without all these, a company will not be able to function properly and will create issues in the organization (Iveta, 2012). In this essay, there are many issues that No Name is facing regarding these concepts and for that suitable recommendation s have been provided to them which will help the organization to do better in the future. A detailed description about the HR concepts related to this company has been evaluated in this essay. Diversity Management The strategy that is used for the best practices and involves results that are proved to determine and create a diverse in the organization is the diversity management (George, 2017). Diversity management plays a very important role in the organization and directly affects the culture and the success of the organization (Fernando, 2013). Diversity management should be proper in the organization otherwise disputes can occur which will affect the company in the negative way (Rodriguez, 2006). The diversity management at No Name is confined to a very simple policy that every employee should be treated equally and different religious beliefs, ethnicity, background, age should be respected. Besides all this, there were issues in the No Name organization. There was intolerance in the headquarter as employees were of different generations. Senior staff was not ready to work with apprentices, which affected the working relationships. Second issue was that there was no recruitment in china for the people who were disabled. The managers for the people with disabilities rejected Job application forms and their skills were not considered even if it was better than other candidates were. Even the human resource department also does not provide any kind of practice that helps employees to understand each other. In this organization, employees should understand each other so that a healthy and effective communication starts in the organization and they should value the diversity in the organization. Some of the practices should be provided in the organization so that people appreciates the culture of others and understand them better (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). These practices should make sure that there is no discrimination in the organization and people work with harmony and peace. This organization should know and understand that managing diversity plays an important role and it can even create a competitive advantage that will be beneficial for the organization including the different areas. Effective diversity management has been used for the provision of the legally defensible position against the charges of discrimination. A firm, which has diverse workforce, might argue in the legal proceedings, which they were not guilty of discrimination since the workforce demographics represented in the local community (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). Through the strategic deployment of the diverse workforce, companies could seek the achievement of the competitive advantage (Ford, 2014). There are range of activities in which organization could achieve through effective human resource diversity management. There are many workers as well as managers regards diversity management as being equal to have an equal opportunity to any individual to enter the organization (Aguinis Kurt, 2009). There are many excellent organizations, which have been effective in hiring women as well as the minorities in order to increase the diverse market as well as win the new market. No Name Aircraft comp any is part of this group, which has hired individuals from all background in order to enrich the diverse culture in the workplace. The organization has further, created a work environment as well as the culture where creativity could flourish (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). In the organization, there should be zero tolerance level of the workplace discrimination in the recruitment.an effective diversity management requires a culture in which there is inclusion, which creates a work environment nurturing of the teamwork, participation as well as cohesiveness. There should be emphasis in the diversity culture in the vision of the organization, as well as mission strategy and the HR strategy. The diversity culture requires an important commitment of the resources and the leadership. Culture The culture of the organization includes the values and the behaviors that help to build a unique and psychological environment for the organization (Brad, 2010). It is very important for the organization to have a strong culture so that organization performs better in every field (Shahzad, 2010). A strong culture can be considered where employees of the organization respond to the stimuli and accept change whenever it is made in the organization. Organizations that have strong cultures tend to have the clear values that motivate employees to embrace the culture of the organization (Aguinis Kurt, 2009). A good culture in the organization motivates the company to achieve their goals. Team cohesiveness also is increased among the various departments of the organization. The working culture of No Name in the home country is not as good as teams are not performing well. There is also a lack of communication between the teams and the management, which affects the organization (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). The culture of this organization is becoming negative day by day and many workers have adopted the mantra which says near enough is good enough. It is very important for the organization and the employees to accept the change. Nevertheless, in this organization employees resist to any change that has been made which gives a negative impression about the company. Employees in the management team have identified quality as one of their major problem, which existed from china and Vietnam. There are complaints about the aircraft from the customers that even after the delivery it requires some kind of modification which is not acceptable (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). Not only the customers but the government and non-government have also complained about th e quality of the product. Stakeholders always play an important part in the success of the organization. But in this organization due to the lack of quality stakeholders have also sent letters to the CEO that if quality does not get better than they will hold back the left over payments. There are only three supervisors for over the 50 teams that help in the assembling of the aircraft. Hence, this result is the lack of amalgamation between the teams. One of the employees of the wire harness assembly team has complained that the other teams does not allow them to complete their work and makes it difficult for them. There is so much chaos in this organization, people working there have to compromise in the communication, and there is no specific instruction provided to the employees (Younis, 2010). Due to all these issues the CEO if the organization called a group of executives who can advise him to have a better culture in the organization which will motivate the employees toward the work and the organization. Motivated employees will always give their best toward the work and the organization. Inernational Performance Mangement Managing the performance of the employees that are based on the needs, strategic requirements and preference of the customer of the organization plays an important role in the international human resource management (Younis, 2010). Performance management basically includes the activity that helps in ensuring the goals in the most effective and efficient way. In every organization that goes internationally there are issues that have aroused and it becomes a challenge for the organization to resolve all the issues that are occurring. Every organization faces performance management issues. Several issues regarding the performance management has taken place in No Name (Gatewood, Field and Barrick, 2015). International performance in the organization is more likely related to the performance appraisal in every organization. But in this organization it is lacking. Only the HR in Australia conducts the performance reviews and no other subsidiaries conduct the reviews on the performance. There is also no formal performance appraisal is provided to the employees and the deportees (Younis, 2010). Headquarters of this company does not take a proper approach and they do not even consider the economic factors that have a huge impact on the business targets. One of the employees of Australia also complained that there is so much pressure in the Australia as the costs are high with the much higher expectations. Decisions in the headquarter of the organization are made such that it affects each of the subsidiaries. Some of the decisions that are made in the headquarters and then implemented on other subsidiaries create a conflict between the performance outcomes (Younis, 2010). There is no policy that have been underpinned the performance management at this organization. There is also no clear measurement of performance and the CEO of this organization had also words with the HR manager to measure the performance and manage them properly. To make sure whether there is consistency or not someone should travel to locations like china, Singapore and Vietnam by taking the consideration of the culture and the local practices. Training And Development Training and development process is the main part of the organization. This is basically a kind of attempt that is made by the organization so that the performance of the employees for the future and for the present can be improved. Training and development program increases the ability of employee with the help of learning and also increases the skill and knowledge of the employee toward the organization (Aguinis and Kurt, 2009). Training and development need for an employee can be identified by comparing the actual performance of the employee with the standard performance (Khan, 2011). It is considered as the core function of the human resource management. This program helps the organization to obtain a quality output from the employees and will even increase the productivity of the organization and the employees (Gawali, 2009). There are actually two approaches that can be adopted by the organization to have an efficient training and development program and that are traditional approach and modern approach. There are four basic objectives of training and development program (Niazi, 2011). Individual objective helps the employees to achieve their personal goals which ultimately give a contribution to the organization. Organizational objective helps the organization in meeting their primary objective with the help of individual effectiveness. Functional objective helps in the contribution to the department at a level that is suitable for the needs of the organization (Thang and Buyens, 2008). Societal objective makes sure that the organization follows all ethical and social means to meet the needs and the challenges of the organization and the society (Vinesh, 2014). Training and development of the employees should be in every aspect of the organization activity (Woods, 2012). In this organization training is expatriated for those who want to leave Australia and work in other countries like china, Singapore and Vietnam. There is also no feedback given to the employees who are a part of the training and development program. One employee of this organization who moved to Singapore complained that there was no training provided to them so that they could adapt the new surroundings (Renwick, Redman and Maguire, 2013). There was difficulty as working environment in both the countries is different and people work differently (Younis, 2010). The level of performance that employees give in the organization indicates that that there should be more focus on the training and development program in the organization. In this organization no workforce planning as well as management development programs which could help the employees to perform better. Management development programs helps in identifying and recruiting the managers who are potential for the organization and further helps in developing their knowledge and skills with the help of career development plans so that the need of the organization are fulfilled (Younis, 2010). This further helps in ensuring a clear and effective succession plan for other management roles also. Employees at No Name are not aware of the career prospects and the career development plans are also not utilized properly. Senior management of this company is actually afraid of losing their job from the junior employees. This lack of unprofessional development clearly describes the situation of the company. The organization looks at the training and the development as the integral part of the human resource activity for the development. The turn over the century has seen an increased focus to the same organizations globally. Many of the organizations such as No Name Aircraft have essentially mandated on their training hours per the year for the workers in order to keep them to the aspect of the technology, which is becoming diverse at a faster rate. The technical aspect of training entails the changing of the attitude, skills or perhaps the knowledge of the individual with the sole resultant to improve their behavior. As times people may confuse training with the development, these are different in various respects yet they are the components of the same system. The development usually entails the opportunities, which are created to help the employees to grow. It is more of the long term in nature as opposed to the training, which focusses on the current job. Conclusion This was a case study about the human resource management practices that are followed in the organization. A detailed description about the various practices has been discussed in this essay which gives knowledge about the theories and the concepts of human resource management. These concepts and theories which are discussed are of No Name organization that manufactures aircrafts. A detailed evaluation of the practices such as culture, training and development, international performance management and diversity management are discussed in detail in this essay. From this essay it can be conclude that there were issues in the every sector of No Name be it in the working culture of the organization or in the training and development program. This organization has to resolve the issues in order to meet their goals. It was also concluded from the essay that there was chaos in the organization due to which it failed to succeed. The human resource management concepts that are discussed from this case study give detailed knowledge about the organization and the way it practices the concepts. Recommedations Diversity can be managed in this organization by encouraging the employees toward the diversity and explaining them about the advantages of having diversity in the organization. There should be no groupism in the organization rather there should be diversified groups during a team work so that employees start understanding and respecting diversity. Organizational culture should be managed properly and employees should accept the organizational change positively as it will benefit both the organization and the employees. References Aguinis, H. Kurt, K. (2009).benefits of training and development for individuals and teams, organizations and society. Annual Review of Psychology. 60:45174. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014. Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Babaei, D., Ahmad, A. et.al (2012). The Impact of Human Resource Practices and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors on Firm Performance. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 9(1), 47-53. Brad, S. L. (2010) "Workplace spirituality, contested meaning, and the culture of organization: A critical sensemaking account". Journal of Organizational Change Management.23(2), pp.325 341. Fernando, M. A. (2013). Workforce diversity in strategic human resource management models: A critical review of the literature and implications for future research. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal. 20(1), pp.39 49. Ford, J.K., 2014. Improving training effectiveness in work organizations. Psychology Press. Gatewood, R., Feild, H.S. and Barrick, M., 2015. Human resource selection. Nelson Education. Gawali, V. (2009). Effectiveness of Employee Cross-Training as a Motivational Technique. ASBM Journal of Management, II (2), 138-146. George, N.R. (2017). How to Manage Diversity in a Workplace. [Online] Chron. Available from: https://smallbusiness.chron.com/manage-diversity-workplace-3038.html. [Accessed on: 23/03/17]. Iveta, G. (2012). Human Resources Key Performance Indicators. Journal of Competitiveness. 4(1), 117-128. Khan, A. F. (2011). Impact of Training and Development on Organizational Performance. Global Journal of Management and Business Research. 11(7). Niazi, S. A. (2011). Training and development strategy and its role in organizational performance. Journal of Public Administration and Governance. 1(2): 2161-7104. Renwick, D.W., Redman, T. and Maguire, S., 2013. Green human resource management: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(1), pp.1-14. Rodriguez R. (2006). Diversity finds its place. HR Magazine, 51, 56-61. Shahzad, F. (2010). Impact of Organizational Culture on Organizational Performance: An Overview. Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business. 3(9). Storey, John. New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge, 2014. Thang, N. N. and Buyens, D. (2008). Working paper training, organizational strategy, and firm performance. Economics International Business Research Conference,1-31 Vinesh, (2014). Role of Training Development in an Organizational Development. International Journal of Management and International Business Studies. 4(2). Woods, P.R., Barker, M.C., Troth, A.C.(2012). Cross-cultural managementperformance elements in the expatriate context. International Journal of BusinessResearch, 12(3): 95-108. Yilmaz, C. Ergun, E. (2008). Organizational culture and firm effectiveness: An examination of relative effects of culture traits and the balanced culture hypothesis in an emerging economy. Journal of World Business, 43, 290306. Younis, I. (2010). A Review Paper on Organizational Culture and Organizational Performance. International Journal of Business and Social Science. 1(3).

Progressivism Opposing Viewpoints Essays - Political Ideologies

Progressivism: Opposing Viewpoints Progressivism: Opposing Viewpoints At the commencement of the twentieth century, a period referred to as progressivism swept through America. Precisely, this era in American history began soon after the Spanish-American War and lasted until the beginning of World War I. At this point in history, America was in turmoil due to internal problems and was in dire need of social reforms. The progressive era was like a golden age for intellectuals who strived to create a nation where each citizen could be given a chance at success and involvement in the government. In the latter portion of the 1800's, America faced an economic depression and encountered problems with industrialization, urbanization, and immigration. Some progressives demanded that the government should be run directly by its people and that the quality of city life should be ameliorated through sanitation improvements, the abolition of child labor, and regulated working hours. America's utmost problem, however, proved to be the overwhelming power that trusts and big business held in the nation. This factor had a leading role in the development of the era of progressivism. In general, progressives basically agreed that trusts must be destroyed; however, there were different solutions among the progressives on the correct remedy to solve this problem. One ideology in the progressive era called the New Nationalism, advocated for an increase of government involvement in order to regulate big businesses. The other ideology called the New Freedom, firmly believed the ?big? in business was the threat to American society; therefore, the role of the government should be to break up trusts and monopolies. Whatever may have been the case, the progressives desired to attack any group of concentrated power in order to bring more accountability to the government of America. Although the progressives had good intentions to reform the nation, some historians, such as Richard M. Abrams, author of The Failure of Progressivism, believe the entire movemen t was a complete failure. On the other hand, other historians, such as Arthur S. Link and Richard L. McCormick beg to differ with Abrams and defiantly defend their own belief in their article entitled Progressivism in History that the movement was indeed successful. After closely reading both of the articles mentioned above, I have come to the conclusion that Abrams's argument proves to be stronger in that it is not as biased and seems to be more sensible than that of Link's and McCormick's. In the article, The Failure of Progressivism, Professor Richard Abrams argues that the entire progressive movement was a failure. First, Abrams initially defines what he believes to have been progressivism by concluding that the progressives expressed a common feeling that government should attempt to moralize the lives of its citizens through a series of reforms. According to Abrams, its followers flowered from various groups including female emancipationists, prohibitionists, the social gospel, conservation advocates, businessmen, and intellectuals. The progressives generally advocated for an efficient government that would implement strict moral values upon its people. Although most people in America had the same views as progressives, Abrams claims that ?[the progressives] also conceived of themselves, with a grand sense of stewardship, as its heralds, and its agents.? He states that the progressives mainly wanted to instill old moral values upon Americans by attempting to assimi late immigrants by forcing them to accept the American way of life. Additionally, they wanted to impose antitrust legislation, job reforms, and direct legislation. However, according to Abrams these goals were tarnished for significant reasons. First of all, the movement failed due to racism that was rampant during this time period. In addition to racism among blacks in the south, anti-Catholicism started appearing throughout the country. According to Abrams, racism hindered the motives of progressivism because there was ?the inability of reform to deliver a meaningful share of the social surplus to the groups left out of the general national progress, and in part the inability of reform to achieve its objective of assimilation and consensus.? Suddenly, different ethnic groups such as the African Americans took a more aggressive approach towards the public to finally stand up for their rights, which further contributed to growing animosity. Moreover, Abrams believes that new scienti fic developments regarding race and culture affected the